Manufacture of swaged and tempered articles



Dec. 29, 1931. F. J. VLCHEK 1,838,470

' MANUFACTURE OF SWAGED AND TEMPERED ARTICLES Filed April 5. 1926 2Sheets-Sheet 2 Lu vs arr-0 BI War/92W A-r-ro yvcys Patented Dec. 29,1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE IBANK :r. VLCHEK,

or CLEVELAND, onto, nssreivonro ms vLcHn woopcomam, or CLEVELAND, OHIQ'Acorarona'rron or o Io MANUFACTURE or SWAGED Ann i'rn vrrnnnn narrowsApplication filed April 5,

ed for illustration herein an embodiment of my invention peculiarlyadaptedifor that pur: pose. In these drawings: 7 I

Figure 1 is a view in the nature of a layout showing the positioning andcoor-d-ina-' tion of the units employed in practicing the process,

Figure 2 is a perspective view of' a bar of material from which thearticle is made, Figure 3is an enlarged perspective view of the articleas it appears after the forging operation-has been completed, whileFigure L is a reduced perspective view of the article after the swagingand tempering operations have been completed; q According to theembodiment of my invention herein described, and illustrating with amachinists hammer head as the article being manufactured, the hammerhead is formed in a drop forge unit 21 in the usual manner, is deliveredinto a chute 22 which carries the roughly formed hammer head intoproximity to the trimming'unit 23, is acted upon by the trimming unit 23to remove the flange formed by the drop forge 21 and thus present thehammer head ready for swaging, is delivered to a suitable conveyor 24which carries it into proximity to the swaging unit 25, is acted upon bythe swaging unit 25 to complete the formation of the article, isinserted into a chute 26 leading to the tempering unit 27 and is actedupon by the tempering unit 27 to secure the desired hardening, theentire process being continuous, without interruption, withthe hammerhead retaining the original heat appliedprior to the drop forgingoperation, and without the hammer head being reheated at any point or toany extent.

1926. Serial No. 99,822. i

. The drop forge unit 21 and the trimming unit 26 may be standardmachinesof any suitable type, the chute 22 is a simple chute of the typeheretofore used, and the conveyor 24 maybe of any typesuitablefor'transferring the articles fromthe trimming unit 23 to theswaging unit 25. I I

I The swagingunit 25 may be similar to that shown and described in mydivisional application Serial Number 426,030,- filed February 5, 1930.Thetempering unit 27 may be simi-' lar to that described in mydivisional application Serial Number 271,873, filed April 21, 1928. a 1i t a v The process 7 herein contemplated comprises the provision of ablank ofsuitable material, indicated at 28, and in tliis embodimentadapted to be processedto provide an article such as a machinists hammershown in Figures, 23, and 4; of'the draw ings. The bank 28 is firstheated, thenoper ated upon by the drop forgeiunit 21,whicl1 may be ofany suitable and well known construction, and'provided with proper diesfor drop forging the material blank 28 to pro duce an article, such asthe hammer head 2.9 shown in Figure 3 of thecdrawings. At the end :of,the forging operation the (hammer head 29 will have afin orflash .30'thereon,

but otherwise will have substantially the shape ojfthe finished product.

. The hammer head 29 after leaving the drop forge unit 21 is thendelivered by the chute 22 110 a trimming unit 23, which may be ofanyzw-ell known construction, and while still retaining its first heat,the or flash 30 is trimmed therefrom, entirely completing the the hammerhead 29 is rotated while such blows are delivered, apparatus foraccomplishing this purpose being disclosed in my divisional applicationSerial Number 426,030 heretofore mentioned; the swaging results infinishing the hammer head 29, still on the same initial heat, and insuch manner as to require none, or practically no grinding after thehammer head 29 is thus completed.

Following the swaging operation as described the hammer head 29 isimmedlately delivered to the tempering unit 27, and while stillretaining its first heat, is subjected to a tempering process,comprising the application of the tempering bath to the opposite ends 31and 32 only, leaving the central portion 33 of the hammer head 29untempered; and the tempering process further consists in directing thetempering bath onto at least one of the ends 32 of the hammer head 29 sothat the bath first strikes the center of said end 32 and then flowsoutwardly from said center, thereby hardening the center of said end 32to the greatest extent, while the hardening progressively diminishestoward the edges of said end Apparatus for carrying out the temperlngprocess as above described is disclosed in my divisional applicationSerial Number 271,878 heretofore mentioned, and it should particularlybe noted that the tempering operation is efi'ected upon the hammer head29 without reheating the same but utilizing the first heat remainingafter the forging, trimming, and finishing operations heretoforereferred to.

Particular attention is called to the fact that the hammer head isentirely completed by the forging and trimming operations, and thecompleted hammer head is then finished by swaging the opposite endsthereof, leaving the portion between the ends unswaged, and thereafterthe tempering process is practiced so as to temper the opposite ends ofthe hammer head leaving the portion between said ends untempered, andthese various steps of the process are effected all on the same orinitial heat resulting from originally heating the material blank 28.

It will be apparent that the process herein described accomplishes atleast the principal object of the invention, and such process has usesand advantages other than those herein referred to; furthermore variouschanges and modifications obviously may be made therein withoutdeparting from the spirit of the invention; accordingly it will beunderstood that the embodiment herein described is illustrative only andthe invention is not limited thereto.

I claim:

1. The process of forming articles of the nature of hammer heads, whichcomprises: heating the material from which the article is to be formed;partially forming the article; then finishing the article by asuccession of swaging blows; turning the article between the swagingblows; and then tempering a restricted area of said article; all on thesame heat.

2. The process of forming articles of the nature of hammer heads, whichcomprises: heating the material from which the article is to be formed;forming the article by drop forging and trimming; finishing the articleby a succession of swaging blows; and turning the article between theswaging blows to remove the shear mark, all on the same heat.

3. The process of forming articles of the nature of hammer heads, whichcomprises: heating the material from which the article is to be formed;partially forming article; then finishing the article by a succession ofswaging blows directed to the opposite end portions only of the article,leaving the portion of the article between said ends unswaged; andturning the article between the swaging blows; all on the same heat.

4. The process of forming articles of the nature of hammer heads, whichcomprises: heating the material from which the article is to be formed;partially forming articles; then finishing the article by applying asuccession of swaging blows to a part only of said article; and turningsaid article between each of said swaging blows; all on the same heat.

5. The process of forming articles of the nature of hammer heads, whichcomprises: partially forming the article; then finishing the article bya succession of swaging blows directed to a restricted portion of saidartiole; turning the article between the swaging blows; and thentempering said article at the restricted portion of said article towhich said swaging blows are delivered.

In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my signature.

FRANK J. VLCHEK.

